Calculators · Forced induction

Turbocharger airflow and power calculator

Choosing a turbocharger starts with two numbers: how much air the engine needs, and at what pressure ratio. Compressor maps plot exactly these. These calculators estimate the air mass flow a boosted engine consumes, the power a given airflow can support, and the temperature of the air leaving the compressor, which decides how much work the intercooler has to do.

Air mass flow of a boosted engine

Calculates the mass of air a four-stroke engine consumes from its size, speed, volumetric efficiency, boost and intake temperature. Mass flow is what a compressor map’s horizontal axis shows, usually in lb/min.

Results
Air mass flow—Mass of air consumed; switch to lb/min to read a compressor map.
Pressure ratio (sea level)—: 1Absolute manifold pressure divided by 1.013 bar.

Formula
ρ = P_abs / (R × T)
ṁ = V_d × (rpm / 2) × VE × ρ

Power supported by compressor airflow

Estimates engine power from compressor air mass flow using the air–fuel ratio and brake-specific fuel consumption. A common rule of thumb is about 10 hp per lb/min of air for a petrol engine; this calculator shows where that figure comes from.

Results
Estimated power—Crank power the airflow can support.

Formula
fuel [lb/h] = air [lb/h] / AFR
hp = fuel / BSFC

Compressor outlet temperature

Compressing air heats it. This estimates the air temperature leaving the compressor from the inlet temperature, pressure ratio and compressor efficiency read from the map. Hotter air holds less oxygen, which is why intercoolers are used.

Results
Outlet temperature—°CAir temperature leaving the compressor.
Temperature rise—°CHow much the compressor heats the air.

Formula
T₂ = T₁ × (1 + (PR^0.2857 − 1) / η)  (kelvin)

Worked example: turbocharging a 2.0-litre engine

  1. At 1 bar boost and 45 °C, air density is 201,325 / (287.05 × 318.15) = 2.20 kg/m³.
  2. At 6,000 rpm and 95% VE the engine inhales 5.69 m³/min: 12.55 kg/min, or 27.7 lb/min.
  3. 30 lb/min at AFR 11.5 and BSFC 0.55 supports about 285 hp.
  4. At a pressure ratio of 2.0 and 72% efficiency, 25 °C air leaves the compressor at about 116 °C.

Compressor outlet temperature at 72% efficiency, 25 °C inlet

Pressure ratioOutlet temperatureTemperature rise
1.5about 76 °Cabout 51 °C
2.0about 116 °Cabout 91 °C
2.5about 149 °Cabout 124 °C
3.0about 178 °Cabout 153 °C

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About these results

Results are theoretical estimates from standard engineering formulas. Real-world figures depend on conditions these formulas do not capture. Always follow the manufacturer's specifications for maintenance, loading and safety decisions.